1. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov kub thiab txias rau lub tshuab nqus tsev distillation ntawm n-pentanol
Qhov kub ntawm n-pentanol (1-pentanol) ntawm atmospheric siab yog 138 degree, tab sis nws tuaj yeem txo qis los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev distillation. Raws li "Lang's Handbook of Chemistry" (16th edition) thiab cov ntaub ntawv sim:
1. Ntawm 20 mmHg siab: lub boiling point yog kwv yees li 68-72 degree, uas yog cov feem ntau siv lub tshuab nqus tsev tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv lub laboratory.
2. Ntawm 10 mmHg siab: lub boiling point ntxiv txo mus rau kwv yees li 55-58 degree.
3. Ntawm 50 mmHg siab: lub boiling point yog kwv yees li 85-90 degree.
* Cov ntaub ntawv Source*: Cov txiaj ntsig saum toj no yog ua raws li cov qauv ntawm cov khoom ntiag tug thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm. Qhov ntsuas kub tiag tiag tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm ± 2℃vim yog yam xws li cov khoom siv raug thiab cov ntsiab lus tsis huv.
Lub tshuab nqus tsev distillation txo qhov system siab, ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau cov kua molecules kom dim ntawm cov kua theem thiab nkag mus rau theem vapor, yog li txo qhov kub ntawm qhov kub. Rau nruab nrab-polarity cov kuab tshuaj zoo li n-pentanol, qhov kub ntawm qhov kub yuav poob li ntawm 10-15℃rau txhua halving ntawm lub siab.
II. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab kev paub ntxiv rau Nqus Distillation
1. Kev xaiv cov khoom siv: Siv lub siab- tiv taus puag ncig- hauv qab lub raj mis, lub tshuab nqus tsev twj tso kua mis, thiab lub tshuab txias txias kom muaj lub foob zoo.
2. Kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias: Cov roj da dej tau pom zoo kom tsis txhob muaj cua sov hauv cheeb tsam. Thaum lub sij hawm distillation tiag tiag, tus pas ntsuas kub yuav tsum muab tso rau ntawm qhov hluav taws xob vapor kom nyeem tau qhov tseeb dua.
3. Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Nyab Xeeb: n-pentanol yog nplaim taws thiab yuav tsum tau ceev kom deb ntawm qhov hluav taws kub. Cia li cua sov nyob rau hauv lub siab txo yuav ua rau tsausmuag boiling, yog li zeolite los yog sib nqus stirring yuav tsum tau.
Extended Applications:
- n-pentanol feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tsw qab synthesis thiab tshuaj intermediate npaj. Vacuum distillation tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom purity.
- Yog tias muaj kev sib cais ntxiv ntawm isomers (xws li 2-pentanol) yuav tsum tau ua, cov xwm txheej tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua los ntawm kev siv kab sib faib.
III. Cov ntaub ntawv tshaj lij kev sib piv thiab cov lus nug
Cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv qhia cov ntsiab lus sib txawv me ntsis rau n-pentanol nyob rau hauv qhov txo qis. Piv txwv li:
CRC Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Tshuaj Physics hais tias nws yog 70℃ntawm 20 mmHg;
Merck Index muab nws li 69 degree.
Qhov tsis sib xws no tshwm sim los ntawm cov qauv ntsuas thiab qauv purity. Calibration los ntawm kev sim me me ua ntej kev sim tau pom zoo.
Hauv cov ntsiab lus: Lub tshuab nqus tsev distillation kub rau n-pentanol yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab raws li lub hom phiaj siab. Qhov kub ntawm kwv yees li 70℃ntawm 20 mmHg raug pom zoo, thiab kev hloov kho yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb.
